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java DOM,SAX,DOM4J,JDOM生成和解析XML

假设我们XML的内容和结构如下: 

复制代码代码如下:


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<employees> 
<employee> 
<name>ddviplinux</name> 
<sex>m</sex> 
<age>30</age> 
</employee> 
</employees> 



本文使用JAVA语言来实现DOM与SAX的XML文档生成与解析。 
首先定义一个操作XML文档的接口XmlDocument 它定义了XML文档的建立与解析的接口。 

复制代码代码如下:


package com.alisoft.facepay.framework.bean; 
/** 

* @author hongliang.dinghl 
* 定义XML文档建立与解析的接口 
*/ 
public interface XmlDocument { 
/** 
* 建立XML文档 
* @param fileName 文件全路径名称 
*/ 
public void createXml(String fileName); 
/** 
* 解析XML文档 
* @param fileName 文件全路径名称 
*/ 
public void parserXml(String fileName); 



1.DOM生成和解析XML文档 

为 XML 文档的已解析版本定义了一组接口。解析器读入整个文档,然后构建一个驻留内存的树结构,然后代码就可以使用 DOM 接口来操作这个树结构。优点:整个文档树在内存中,便于操作;支持删除、修改、重新排列等多种功能;缺点:将整个文档调入内存(包括无用的节点),浪费时间和空间;使用场合:一旦解析了文档还需多次访问这些数据;硬件资源充足(内存、CPU)。 

复制代码代码如下:


package com.alisoft.facepay.framework.bean; 
import java.io.FileInputStream; 
import java.io.FileNotFoundException; 
import java.io.FileOutputStream; 
import java.io.IOException; 
import java.io.InputStream; 
import java.io.PrintWriter; 
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder; 
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory; 
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException; 
import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys; 
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer; 
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException; 
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException; 
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory; 
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource; 
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult; 
import org.w3c.dom.Document; 
import org.w3c.dom.Element; 
import org.w3c.dom.Node; 
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList; 
import org.xml.sax.SAXException; 
/** 

* @author hongliang.dinghl 
* DOM生成与解析XML文档 
*/ 
public class DomDemo implements XmlDocument { 
private Document document; 
private String fileName; 
public void init() { 
try { 
DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory 
.newInstance(); 
DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder(); 
this.document = builder.newDocument(); 
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) { 
System.out.println(e.getMessage()); 


public void createXml(String fileName) { 
Element root = this.document.createElement("employees"); 
this.document.appendChild(root); 
Element employee = this.document.createElement("employee"); 
Element name = this.document.createElement("name"); 
name.appendChild(this.document.createTextNode("丁宏亮")); 
employee.appendChild(name); 
Element sex = this.document.createElement("sex"); 
sex.appendChild(this.document.createTextNode("m")); 
employee.appendChild(sex); 
Element age = this.document.createElement("age"); 
age.appendChild(this.document.createTextNode("30")); 
employee.appendChild(age); 
root.appendChild(employee); 
TransformerFactory tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance(); 
try { 
Transformer transformer = tf.newTransformer(); 
DOMSource source = new DOMSource(document); 
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "gb2312"); 
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes"); 
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(new FileOutputStream(fileName)); 
StreamResult result = new StreamResult(pw); 
transformer.transform(source, result); 
System.out.println("生成XML文件成功!"); 
} catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) { 
System.out.println(e.getMessage()); 
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { 
System.out.println(e.getMessage()); 
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) { 
System.out.println(e.getMessage()); 
} catch (TransformerException e) { 
System.out.println(e.getMessage()); 


public void parserXml(String fileName) { 
try { 
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); 
DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder(); 
Document document = db.parse(fileName); 
NodeList employees = document.getChildNodes(); 
for (int i = 0; i < employees.getLength(); i++) { 
Node employee = employees.item(i); 
NodeList employeeInfo = employee.getChildNodes(); 
for (int j = 0; j < employeeInfo.getLength(); j++) { 
Node node = employeeInfo.item(j); 
NodeList employeeMeta = node.getChildNodes(); 
for (int k = 0; k < employeeMeta.getLength(); k++) { 
System.out.println(employeeMeta.item(k).getNodeName() 
+ ":" + employeeMeta.item(k).getTextContent()); 



System.out.println("解析完毕"); 
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) { 
System.out.println(e.getMessage()); 
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) { 
System.out.println(e.getMessage()); 
} catch (SAXException e) { 
System.out.println(e.getMessage()); 
} catch (IOException e) { 
System.out.println(e.getMessage()); 





2.SAX生成和解析XML文档 

为解决DOM的问题,出现了SAX。SAX ,事件驱动。当解析器发现元素开始、元素结束、文本、文档的开始或结束等时,发送事件,程序员编写响应这些事件的代码,保存数据。优点:不用事先调入整个文档,占用资源少;SAX解析器代码比DOM解析器代码小,适于Applet,下载。缺点:不是持久的;事件过后,若没保存数据,那么数据就丢了;无状态性;从事件中只能得到文本,但不知该文本属于哪个元素;使用场合:Applet;只需XML文档的少量内容,很少回头访问;机器内存少; 
Java代码 

复制代码代码如下:


package com.alisoft.facepay.framework.bean; 
import java.io.FileInputStream; 
import java.io.FileNotFoundException; 
import java.io.IOException; 
import java.io.InputStream; 
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException; 
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser; 
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory; 
import org.xml.sax.Attributes; 
import org.xml.sax.SAXException; 
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler; 
/** 

* @author hongliang.dinghl 
* SAX文档解析 
*/ 
public class SaxDemo implements XmlDocument { 
public void createXml(String fileName) { 
System.out.println("<<"+filename+">>"); 

public void parserXml(String fileName) { 
SAXParserFactory saxfac = SAXParserFactory.newInstance(); 
try { 
SAXParser saxparser = saxfac.newSAXParser(); 
InputStream is = new FileInputStream(fileName); 
saxparser.parse(is, new MySAXHandler()); 
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) { 
e.printStackTrace(); 
} catch (SAXException e) { 
e.printStackTrace(); 
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) { 
e.printStackTrace(); 
} catch (IOException e) { 
e.printStackTrace(); 



class MySAXHandler extends DefaultHandler { 
boolean hasAttribute = false; 
Attributes attributes = null; 
public void startDocument() throws SAXException { 
System.out.println("文档开始打印了"); 

public void endDocument() throws SAXException { 
System.out.println("文档打印结束了"); 

public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, 
Attributes attributes) throws SAXException { 
if (qName.equals("employees")) { 
return; 

if (qName.equals("employee")) { 
System.out.println(qName); 

if (attributes.getLength() > 0) { 
this.attributes = attributes; 
this.hasAttribute = true; 


public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName) 
throws SAXException { 
if (hasAttribute && (attributes != null)) { 
for (int i = 0; i < attributes.getLength(); i++) { 
System.out.println(attributes.getQName(0) 
+ attributes.getValue(0)); 



public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) 
throws SAXException { 
System.out.println(new String(ch, start, length)); 


package com.alisoft.facepay.framework.bean; 
import java.io.FileInputStream; 
import java.io.FileNotFoundException; 
import java.io.IOException; 
import java.io.InputStream; 
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException; 
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser; 
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory; 
import org.xml.sax.Attributes; 
import org.xml.sax.SAXException; 
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler; 
/** 

* @author hongliang.dinghl 
* SAX文档解析 
*/ 
public class SaxDemo implements XmlDocument { 
public void createXml(String fileName) { 
System.out.println("<<"+filename+">>"); 

public void parserXml(String fileName) { 
SAXParserFactory saxfac = SAXParserFactory.newInstance(); 
try { 
SAXParser saxparser = saxfac.newSAXParser(); 
InputStream is = new FileInputStream(fileName); 
saxparser.parse(is, new MySAXHandler()); 
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) { 
e.printStackTrace(); 
} catch (SAXException e) { 
e.printStackTrace(); 
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) { 
e.printStackTrace(); 
} catch (IOException e) { 
e.printStackTrace(); 



class MySAXHandler extends DefaultHandler { 
boolean hasAttribute = false; 
Attributes attributes = null; 
public void startDocument() throws SAXException { 
System.out.println("文档开始打印了"); 

public void endDocument() throws SAXException { 
System.out.println("文档打印结束了"); 

public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, 
Attributes attributes) throws SAXException { 
if (qName.equals("employees")) { 
return; 

if (qName.equals("employee")) { 
System.out.println(qName); 

if (attributes.getLength() > 0) { 
this.attributes = attributes; 
this.hasAttribute = true; 


public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName) 
throws SAXException { 
if (hasAttribute && (attributes != null)) { 
for (int i = 0; i < attributes.getLength(); i++) { 
System.out.println(attributes.getQName(0) 
+ attributes.getValue(0)); 



public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) 
throws SAXException { 
System.out.println(new String(ch, start, length)); 




3.DOM4J生成和解析XML文档 

DOM4J 是一个非常非常优秀的Java XML API,具有性能优异、功能强大和极端易用使用的特点,同时它也是一个开放源代码的软件。如今你可以看到越来越多的 Java 软件都在使用 DOM4J 来读写 XML,特别值得一提的是连 Sun 的 JAXM 也在用 DOM4J。 

Java代码 

复制代码代码如下:


package com.alisoft.facepay.framework.bean; 
import java.io.File; 
import java.io.FileWriter; 
import java.io.IOException; 
import java.io.Writer; 
import java.util.Iterator; 
import org.dom4j.Document; 
import org.dom4j.DocumentException; 
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper; 
import org.dom4j.Element; 
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader; 
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter; 
/** 

* @author hongliang.dinghl 
* Dom4j 生成XML文档与解析XML文档 
*/ 
public class Dom4jDemo implements XmlDocument { 
public void createXml(String fileName) { 
Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument(); 
Element employees=document.addElement("employees"); 
Element employee=employees.addElement("employee"); 
Element name= employee.addElement("name"); 
name.setText("ddvip"); 
Element sex=employee.addElement("sex"); 
sex.setText("m"); 
Element age=employee.addElement("age"); 
age.setText("29"); 
try { 
Writer fileWriter=new FileWriter(fileName); 
XMLWriter xmlWriter=new XMLWriter(fileWriter); 
xmlWriter.write(document); 
xmlWriter.close(); 
} catch (IOException e) { 
System.out.println(e.getMessage()); 


public void parserXml(String fileName) { 
File inputXml=new File(fileName); 
SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader(); 
try { 
Document document = saxReader.read(inputXml); 
Element employees=document.getRootElement(); 
for(Iterator i = employees.elementIterator(); i.hasNext();){ 
Element employee = (Element) i.next(); 
for(Iterator j = employee.elementIterator(); j.hasNext();){ 
Element node=(Element) j.next(); 
System.out.println(node.getName()+":"+node.getText()); 


} catch (DocumentException e) { 
System.out.println(e.getMessage()); 

System.out.println("dom4j parserXml"); 




4.JDOM生成和解析XML 

为减少DOM、SAX的编码量,出现了JDOM;优点:20-80原则,极大减少了代码量。使用场合:要实现的功能简单,如解析、创建等,但在底层,JDOM还是使用SAX(最常用)、DOM、Xanan文档。 

复制代码代码如下:

java;toolbar:false">package com.alisoft.facepay.framework.bean; 
import java</a>.io.FileNotFoundException; 
import java.io.FileOutputStream; 
import java.io.IOException; 
import java.util.List; 
import org.jdom.Document; 
import org.jdom.Element; 
import org.jdom.JDOMException; 
import org.jdom.input.SAXBuilder; 
import org.jdom.output.XMLOutputter; 
/** 
* 
* @author hongliang.dinghl 
* JDOM 生成与解析XML文档 
* 
*/ 
public class JDomDemo implements XmlDocument { 
public void createXml(String fileName) { 
Document document; 
Element root; 
root=new Element("employees"); 
document=new Document(root); 
Element employee=new Element("employee"); 
root.addContent(employee); 
Element name=new Element("name"); 
name.setText("ddvip"); 
employee.addContent(name); 
Element sex=new Element("sex"); 
sex.setText("m"); 
employee.addContent(sex); 
Element age=new Element("age"); 
age.setText("23"); 
employee.addContent(age); 
XMLOutputter XMLOut = new XMLOutputter(); 
try { 
XMLOut.output(document, new FileOutputStream(fileName)); 
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) { 
e.printStackTrace(); 
} catch (IOException e) { 
e.printStackTrace(); 
} 
} 
public void parserXml(String fileName) { 
SAXBuilder builder=new SAXBuilder(false); 
try { 
Document document=builder.build(fileName); 
Element employees=document.getRootElement(); 
List employeeList=employees.getChildren("employee"); 
for(int i=0;iElement employee=(Element)employeeList.get(i); 
List employeeInfo=employee.getChildren(); 
for(int j=0;jSystem.out.println(((Element)employeeInfo.get(j)).getName()+":"+((Element)employeeInfo.get(j)).getValue()); 
} 
} 
} catch (JDOMException e) { 
e.printStackTrace(); 
} catch (IOException e) { 
e.printStackTrace(); 
} 
} 
}


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